Stacking penalties

[Xaver]

From the use manual

"The Road Stacking Limitsitem of the Highlight submenu of the View 
Menu can be used to highlight units on the map that are in stacks that 
exceed the limits for using Road Movement."

"Within each hex, stacking is measured in terms of total number of men, or 
equivalent. For stacking purposes, each vehicle or gun is considered to be the
same as 10 men. The total stacking value in the current hex can be found in 
the center of the Terrain Info box by right-clicking in the Hex Info Area. Two 
stacking limits apply in the game. Both of these values can be found in the 
display of Parameter Data. The Maximum Stacking Limit is the total number of
men or equivalent that can be in the hex at any one time, not counting units in 
Rail Mode (see Movement). The Road Stacking Limit is the maximum number 
of men or equivalent that can travel via Road Movement through a hex. It is 
also the maximum number of men or equivalent that can travel via Rail Mode 
through a hex. As a special case, only 4 ships can stack in the same hex"

"Reinforcement Stacking Limits
Except for amphibious reinforcements, when reinforcements are brought on 
the map, they are not subject to stacking limitations. In the case of amphibious
reinforcements, stacking in the arrival hex is allowed to be twice what is 
normally allowed."

And over certain stack limit the units suffer more casualties in hexes with big stacking values.

The binoculars

"The binoculars icon in a unit picture means that the unit has seen the 

enemy, not that it has been spotted by the enemy."